Forms of Duplex 2205 Available at Raaj Sagar Steels
2205 Duplex Overview
Duplex 2205 is a nitrogen enhanced duplex stainless steelthat was developed to combat common corrosion problems encountered with the 300 series stainless steels. “Duplex” describes a family of stainless steels that are neither fully austenitic, like 304 stainless, nor purely ferritic, like 430 stainless. The structure of 2205 duplex stainless steel consists of austenite pools surrounded by a continuous ferrite phase. In the annealed condition, 2205 contains approximately 40-50% ferrite. Often referred to as the work horse grade, 2205 is the most widely used grade in the duplex family of stainless steels.
The advantage of a duplex structure is that it combines the favorable qualities of a ferritic alloy (stress corrosion cracking resistance and high strength) with those of an austenitic alloy (ease of fabrication and corrosion resistance).
Usage of 2205 Duplex stainless steel should be limited to temperatures below 600° F. Extended elevated temperature exposure can embrittle 2205 stainless.
Corrosion Resistance
2205 duplex stainless steel is a cost effective solution for many applications where the 300 series stainless steels are susceptible to chloride stress corrosion cracking. Stress corrosion cracking occurs when stainless steels are subjected to tensile stress, while in contact with solutions containing chlorides. Increasing temperatures also increase the susceptibility of stainless steels to stress corrosion cracking.
The combination of chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen convey the good resistance of 2205 to chloride pitting and crevice corrosion. This resistance is extremely important for services such as marine environments, brackish water, bleaching operations, closed loop water systems and some food processing applications. The high chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen contents of 2205 provide corrosion resistance superior to common stainless steels, such as, 316L and 317L in most environments.
Chemical Composition, %
Cr | Ni | Mo | C | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|
22.0-23.0 | 4.50-6.50 | 3.00-3.50 | .030 Max | 0.14-0.20 |
Mn | Si | P | S | Fe |
2.00 Max | 1.00 Max | .030 Max | .020 Max | Balance |
What are the characteristics of Duplex 2205?
In what applications is Duplex 2205 used?
ASTM Specifications
Pipe Smls | Pipe Welded | Tube Smls | Tube Welded | Sheet/Plate | Bar | Flanges, Fittings & Valves |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A790 | A790 | A789 | A789 | A240 | A276 | A182 |
Mechanical Properties
Specified Tensile Properties ASTM A240
| .2% Yield Strength, ksi Minimum | Hardness Max. |
|---|---|---|
95 | 65 | 31 Rockwell C |
| Sr. No. | Product Description | Outside Diamter, OD (in mm) | Wall Thickness, WT (in mm) |
| 1 | Duplex Stainless Steel Round Pipe/Tube | 6mm – 630mm | 0.5mm-30mm |
| 2 | Duplex Stainless Steel Square Pipe/Tube | 12.7mm* 12.7mm to 300mm* 300mm | 0.5mm-30mm |
| 3 | Duplex Stainless Steel Rectangular Pipe/Tube | 10*20mm to 100*200mm | 0.5mm-30mm |
| 4 | Duplex Stainless Steel Colour Coated Pipe/Tube | 6mm to 630mm | 0.5mm-30mm |
| 5 | Duplex Stainless Steel Ornamental Tubes | 12.7mm to 76.2mm | 0.5mm-2.0mm |
| 6 | Duplex Stainless Steel Electropolished Pipes/Tubes | 12.7mm to 250mm | 0.5mm-30mm |
| 7 | Duplex Stainless Steel Slot Round Pipe/Tube | 12.7mm to 76.2mm | 0.5mm-2.0mm |
| 8 | Duplex Stainless Steel Triangle Tube | 16mm to 85mm | 0.5mm-3.0mm |
| 9 | Duplex Stainless Steel Hexagonal Tube | 13mm to 85mm | 0.5mm-2.0mm |
| 10 | Duplex Stainless Steel Handrail Tube | – | 0.5mm-2.0mm |
| 11 | Duplex Stainless Steel U Shaped Tube | 20mm to 200mm | 0.5mm-2.0mm |
| 12 | Duplex Thin-Wall Stainless Steel Tube | 22mm*0.7mm to 108mm*2.0mm | 0.5mm-2.0mm |
| 13 | Duplex Inner/Outside Polished Stainless Steel Tube, Pipes | 12.5mm to 203.2mm | 1.0mm – 5mm |
| 14 | Duplex Stainless Steel Capillary Tube | 0.28mm to 10mm | 0.08mm – 1.2mm |
| 15 | Duplex Stainless Steel Seamless Tube | 6mm to 430mm | 0.8mm – 30mm |
Specifications of Duplex Stainless Steel Pipes/Tubes:
1. Standard: ASTM
2. Grade: 630 / 631 / 2205 / 2507 / 17-4PH
ASTM A789, ASTM A790, ASTM A450, ASTM A530,
GB/T 14976, GB/T 14975, GB/T 13296, etc
3. OD: 8mm-1000mm
4. Wall thickness: 0.3mm-30mm
5. Length: max.18000mm or as demand
6. Surface finish: Polishing (180#,220#,240#,320#400#,600#), Hairline, acid pickled, etc.

Duplex stainless steels are typically used in:
Duplex stainless steels are extremely corrosion resistant. They have high resistance to intergranular corrosion. Even in chloride and sulphide environments, duplex stainless steels exhibit very high resistance to stress corrosion cracking.
The super duplex grades are even more resistant to corrosion.
The high chromium content of duplex stainless steels that protects against corrosion, causes embrittlement at temperatures over about 300°C.
At low temperatures duplex stainless steels have better ductility than the ferritic and martensitic grades. Duplex grades can readily be used down to at least -50°C.
Fabrication of all stainless steels should be done only with tools dedicated to stainless steel materials. Tooling and work surfaces must be thoroughly cleaned before use. These precautions are necessary to avoid cross contamination of stainless steel by easily corroded metals that may discolour the surface of the fabricated product.
Although machinable, the high strengths of duplex stainless steels makes machining difficult. As an example, machining of 2205 is around 20% slower than for 304.
Machining can be enhanced by using the following rules:
Duplex stainless steels have good weldability. All standard welding processes can be used. They are not quite as easily welded as the austenitic grades but low thermal expansion in duplex grades reduces distortion and residual stresses after welding. The recommended filler material for 2205 stainless steel is 2209.
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